The long term effect of Griggs`s [http://www.vdare.com/posts/disparate-impact-legal-and-political/ >Disparate Impact theory] is explained well in [http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=site%3Avdare.com+The+Bell+Curve%3A+&btnG=Search&aq=f&oq=&aqi= The Bell Curve:] It pushes the evaluation process required for hiring back from the employer to the university. It exacerbates the tendency toward credentialism in American life.
[http://www.vdare.com/posts/political-ignorance-disparate-impact-and-voting-rights Political Ignorance, Disparate Impact, And Voting Rights]